The appendix is a small, tube-like structure attached to the large intestine, located in the lower right abdomen. While its exact function is unclear, it's thought to play a role in the immune system, especially in young people. However, people can live a healthy life without it, as its removal does not impact digestion or immune function.

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is the inflammation of the appendix, usually due to a blockage caused by stool, a foreign body, or infection. When blocked, the appendix swells, leading to bacterial growth and infection. If untreated, the appendix can burst, causing a serious infection in the abdomen (peritonitis).

Symptoms of Appendicitis

• Pain in the Lower Right Abdomen: Begins around the belly button and then moves to the lower right side.
• Loss of Appetite: Often accompanies abdominal pain.
• Nausea and Vomiting: Occurs soon after the pain begins.
• Fever: A mild fever may develop as the infection progresses.
• Abdominal Swelling: As the appendix becomes more inflamed.
• Constipation or Diarrhea: Some people may experience changes in bowel habits.
• Increased Pain with Movement: Pain worsens with movement, coughing, or pressing on the area.

Diagnosis

• Physical Exam: Doctors check for tenderness in the lower right abdomen and may apply gentle pressure to detect the presence of pain.
• Blood Tests: An elevated white blood cell count indicates infection.
• Urine Test: Helps rule out a urinary tract infection or kidney stones, which can have similar symptoms.
• Imaging: An ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI can confirm the diagnosis by showing an inflamed or swollen appendix.